Fluorouracil (Efudex)

What is Fluorouracil?

Fluorouracil (Efudex) is a topical chemotherapy cream used in dermatology most commonly for actinic keratoses and areas of significant sun damage with multiple precancerous spots. In selected situations, it may also be used for certain superficial skin cancers or very superficial precancerous changes when that approach is appropriate.

It is especially useful when there are many rough sun-damaged spots over a broader field rather than just one or two isolated lesions.

How does Fluorouracil work?

Fluorouracil works by interfering with rapidly abnormal cell growth in the skin. As treatment progresses, damaged cells become inflamed and then gradually peel away, which is why the treatment reaction can look dramatic.

What are possible side effects of Fluorouracil?

Fluorouracil commonly causes a strong treatment reaction in the area being treated. Side effects can include:

• Redness (similar to a sunburn)

• Crusting or scaling

• Burning or soreness

• Tenderness

• Temporary swelling or oozing in more reactive areas

The inflammation is often expected and can be part of the treatment working, but patients should still contact their dermatologist if the reaction becomes unusually severe or if infection is a concern.

How is Fluorouracil used?

Fluorouracil is applied topically for a treatment course directed by your dermatologist. Treatment schedules vary depending on the condition being treated, the body site, and how aggressive the treatment plan is.

Patients are usually counseled to:

• Apply only to the instructed area

• Wash hands after application

• Avoid excessive sun exposure during treatment

• Expect visible inflammation during the treatment course

• Contact the office if pain, swelling, or crusting seems more intense than expected

For more detailed usage instructions, please refer to the chemo cream instruction sheet provided.